tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-88100722316183593712024-02-07T07:26:05.415+01:00Jerome Nicholas VlielandJerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.comBlogger2137125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-24448812091124122032023-04-28T14:09:00.001+02:002023-04-28T14:09:00.139+02:00HEATHS, BLOMFIELDS and VLIELANDS: FAMILY RELATIONS in NORFOLK<p> Heaths, Blomfields and Vlielands: family relations in Norfolk</p><p>What connection could Jerome Nicholas Vlieland the Elder, a refugee fleeing</p><p>famine and the Napoleonic Wars, have to William Heath and Charles James</p><p>Blomfield, a leading landowner and a distinguished cleric in late Georgian and</p><p>early Victorian England?</p><p>William Heath was born in 1762 in Hemblington, a small Norfolk parish 8 miles</p><p>from Norwich. The Heaths were an Anglo-Saxon family with a ‘topographical’</p><p>surname – the name showing the poor uncultivated scrubland on which they</p><p>first settled. Versions of the name are found in York (de Heth, 1279) and</p><p>Ringstead Parva in Norfolk (Atte-Heth, 1316) but by 1583, when Thomas Heath</p><p>flourished as a mathematician and fellow of All Souls, Oxford University, the</p><p>modern spelling was largely settled. By 1700, when Hemblington Hall was built,</p><p>the family were gentleman farmers of broad acres, with a crest and French</p><p>motto, once used as a war cry in battle, ‘espere mieux’ (‘hope/expect better’).</p><p>William became a leading voice in the county and Captain of the Blofield and</p><p>Swaffham troop of Yeomanry, charged with defence against a Napoleonic</p><p>invasion.</p><p>In March 1783, when he was 21, William married Ann Johnson, daughter of the</p><p>noted cleric and writer John Johnson of Ludham in the Norfolk Broads; they had</p><p>10 children, losing only the first-born Philip and the first-born Sarah to infant</p><p>death. The second-born Sarah, their seventh child, was tutored by Monsieur</p><p>Jerome Jansen de Vlieland; she eloped with him but they married in June 1824,</p><p>giving Jerome a secure foothold in Norfolk society.</p><p>Charles James Blomfield was a schoolmaster’s son from Bury St Edmunds in</p><p>Suffolk, who excelled at Trinity College in Cambridge and was Bishop of London</p><p>for 28 years. His was an ancient Norman-French family from Pont- l’Éveque in</p><p>Normandy; like the Heaths, their name was recorded as it sounded, so</p><p>‘Bloomefield’, ‘Blundeville’ and ‘Blumfield’ were all common until the 17 th</p><p>century. Thomas de Blundeville (d. 1236) was Bishop of Norwich, and Miles</p><p>Blomefield (b. 1525) a noted alchemist and family chronicler.</p><p>Charles James married William’s eldest daughter Anna Maria in 1810, so at his</p><p>own marriage Jerome acquired a brother-in-law who became godfather and</p><p>promoter of his own eldest son, Jerome the Younger. This patronage seems to</p><p>have ended with the Bishop’s death in August 1857: we know that Jerome was</p><p>demoted from his living in Turnham Green to the one in Stalisfield the following</p><p>year.</p><p>Anna Maria had six children in seven years, dying in February 1818, just after the</p><p>birth of her sixth son, Charles James, who did not survive the year, as had been</p><p>the case with her first son, also Charles James, her daughter Anna Maria and her</p><p>son Charles William; Edward died at six and only Maria lived into old age. Anna</p><p>Maria herself died at Hildersham near Cambridge, and was buried at Great</p><p>Chesterford in Essex, the parish that had been Charles James’ first curacy in 1810</p><p>and where he returned as vicar and rector of Great and Little Chesterford from</p><p>1812 to 1824.</p><p>In 1819, Charles James married Dorothy Fox, a lawyer’s widow with a son of her</p><p>own; of their 11 children only the first, named after his father, failed to live until</p><p>at least their 30s. In fact, only with the birth of their second Charles James, in</p><p>1831, did the Bishop have a long-lived son bearing his own name.</p><p><br /></p><p>Hemblington Hall Farm, Gables Farm, Wood Farm and a cluster of cottages in</p><p>Pedham village all passed to the Burroughes family of the neighbouring</p><p>Burlingham estate in the mid-19 th century, and were held by them until 1919,</p><p>when all 3500 acres were sold off, possibly to help pay heavy death duties after</p><p>the First World War: one of the Burroughes’ family lost their elder son, Randall,</p><p>at Gallipoli in 1915 and their younger, Stephen, at the Sambre-Oise Canal in</p><p>1918, in the last week of the war, the battle in which the poet Wilfred Owen also</p><p>died.</p><p>The information in this post builds on what we already know on the blog about</p><p>the Blomfields (February 2010) and the Heaths (July 2012).</p>Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-64133846233821410852023-04-26T14:07:00.006+02:002023-04-26T15:03:36.843+02:00THE KENT VILLAGE THAT MOVED TO DEVON<p> With lot of thanks to Barbara for her lovely article!</p><p>Otterden: the Kent village that moved to Devon</p><p>We know from our posts in 2021 that the village of Otterden, the next-door</p><p>parish to Stalisfield and in particular its vicar, William Paxton, became a place of</p><p>sanctuary for Jerome Nicholas Vlieland’s children after the death of their mother</p><p>Frances in August 1865. She left seven children, aged between 11 and 3, and we</p><p>know that the Millens of Syndale and the Shoves of Queen Court in Ospringe also</p><p>helped Jerome until he married Ann Johnson a year later.</p><p>All three families were important in the later Vlieland story: Charles James</p><p>Vlieland married Alice Edith Millen and her younger sister Bertha married</p><p>Herbert Samuel Shove.</p><p>But it was Otterden that seems to have had the biggest emotional impact: Charles</p><p>James and Alice Edith named their first married home in Exeter after the village,</p><p>as a cherished memorial, and the house name remained for many years even</p><p>after the family moved to 20 Southernhay, where Charles James set up his own</p><p>doctor’s practice.</p><p>What we know of Stalisfield could also be said of the village of scattered ‘meanly</p><p>built’ cottages originally known as Otterden-street. Another Domesday</p><p>settlement, it shared the barren, windswept location and red, flint-scarred soil,</p><p>and the beech, hazel and birch coppice wood. Being higher up the hill and a little</p><p>drier, the corn crop was supported better than at Stalisfield, so that its tithe</p><p>income was more productive, but daily life was still a struggle.</p><p>The crucial difference was that Otterden had a very big ‘big house’, Otterden</p><p>Place, home as we know to the Aucher, Lewin and Curteis’ families, with a</p><p>succession of wealthy owners who handsomely endowed St Lawrence Church on</p><p>the estate. In 1758, the living’s value was £62.17s.10d., with tithes of £13s.6d.</p><p>and further small income from the decayed villages of Bordfield and Monketon.</p><p>William Paxton did not marry until he was 53 and was childless, and his will in</p><p>1892 estimated his income at nearly £9,000 (£600,000 today), a painful</p><p>reflection on Jerome’s £796 a year from 1858 to 1870.</p><p>Some of the information in this post is taken from Edward Hasted, The History</p><p>and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent, 1798. Cornhill Farm and</p><p>Longbeech Wood near St Mary’s Church in Stalisfield clearly took their name</p><p>from the topography the first farmers found, just as Syndale Bottom, where the</p><p>Millens farmed, is evocative of life in the valley at the foot of the hill.</p>Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-56677942295949809132023-01-28T21:46:00.002+01:002023-01-28T21:46:29.978+01:00'"The Dutch ones on the windy hill<p> </p><p>I hope you will enjoy reading this lovely article from our dear Barbara. Its with a lot of plesure to I may publish it here!</p><p>‘The Dutch ones on the windy hill’: Jerome Nicholas Vlieland the Younger in
Stalisfield
‘The Dutch ones’, the locals called their new vicar when he arrived on the North
Downs with his wife and children in 1858. With his strong Norfolk accent and
broad Dutch face, he must have seemed like something from another planet, but
by his death was so beloved that the parish erected two memorial windows in St
Mary’s Church.
We know that Jerome arrived in Stalisfield a disappointed and unhappy man.
After a stellar university career, he had expected to do well in the Anglican
Church. His first curacy was in the Essex village of Great Ilford, 8 miles from
London, notable only for its fishing fleet and the Roman remains found in Uphall
Camp. Then, in 1854, he was appointed to the coveted vicarage of Christ Church,
Turnham Green, on the River Thames.
The suburb was part of the fashionable expansion of west London after 1830,
and its middle-class residents demanded a young, charismatic and eloquent
priest. Jerome was in his 20s, but he was bereft by the stillborn death of his
eldest son and offered slow, pedantic oratory, and the Church Commissioners
decided after only four years that he would not do.
What they found for him instead was a humiliation: a parsonage on a ‘windy hill’
650 feet above sea level in an ‘unfrequented and obscure’ corner of north east
Kent, with 94 acres of land and 9 of coppice wood, and an impoverished flock of
378 people, 35 of whom were dependent on parish relief.
Stalisfield was called ‘Stanefelt’ (stone field) in the Domesday Book, and the
flinty soil and high rainfall meant that ‘stiff tillage’ was the best that could be
achieved from the harvest. The fields were over-worked and there was no money
for fertilisers or improved drainage so yields, and their income, fell. John Elvy
Chambers, a farmer aged 67 with 11 children, ‘having had a great deal of trouble
with his stock and crops, more than he could bear’ and having ‘lost a horse and
thirty sheep this year, and the wet harvest’, hanged himself on a beam in the
granary, and this cannot have been an isolated case.
‘Small tithes’, one-tenth of the village produce – grain, lambs, hay, wood and milk
– were meant to be paid to support the parish, valued in 1858 at £362 a year,
with £174 a year from the glebe (‘parson’s pasture’) land. Jerome’s stipend
(salary) from the Canterbury diocese was £240 a year, from which he had to
support his wife, educate his surviving children and maintain the church, whose
tiled roof required constant repair, quickly slipping into dereliction.
By 1870, even the Church Commissioners recognised the gulf between Jerome’s
income and his needs, and made a capital payment of £51 16s. 10p. (£7,000
today), backdated to 1869, from the fund for the ‘augmentation and maintenance
of the Poor Clergy’, and a new tithe for repair and upkeep of the church.
On 20 August 1865, Jerome’s wife Frances died aged 38, the same day as her
stillborn daughter, leaving 7 children aged between 11 and 3; after his
remarriage to his cousin Ann Johnson a year later he began to suffer from
depression, though everyone said he remained assiduous in tending to the sick
and indigent among his flock until he died in 1877, aged only 51.
Some of the information in this post is from the History and Topographical Survey
of Kent, vol. 6 (1798) and the Topographical Dictionary of England, ed. Samuel
Lewis, 7th edition (1858). The report of John Elvy Chambers’ inquest is from the
Kentish Gazette, 23 October 1860</p>Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-8079574951491271302022-11-14T00:29:00.003+01:002022-11-14T00:29:41.852+01:00‘Duty before honour’: HMS Hood at Oran, Wednesday 3 July 1940<p style="text-align: left;">‘Duty before honour’: HMS Hood at Oran, Wednesday 3 July 1940<br /><br /></p><div style="text-align: justify;">We have seen from our evocative post on 5 September that one of HMS Hood’s</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">last assignments before her loss in May 1941 was to destroy the French Fleet at</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Oran in French Algeria. Despite Admiral François Darlan’s assurances that the</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Axis* powers would never seize the Fleet, the British government were certain</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">that it would be deployed against the Royal Navy in the Mediterranean.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">On 2 July James Somerville, commander of Taskforce H, was ordered to sail from</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Gibraltar to the port of Mers-el-Kébir, with the flagship Hood, the battleships</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Resolution and Valiant, the aircraft carrier Ark Royal, and an escort of cruisers</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">and destroyers.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The French commander Marcel-Bruno Gensoul refused to disarm or scuttle** the</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Fleet, so Somerville opened fire at 5.55pm. Attacking from open water while the</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">French ships were trapped in the harbour, the taskforce fired 55 rounds; Hood</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">received two hits, causing minor shrapnel injuries.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The Swordfish*** aircraft launched from Ark Royal saw a ‘heavy and accurate’</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">French response, met with ‘steady and deliberate’ fire. The action ‘lasted for less</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">than 15 minutes, ... and the destruction ... was terrible’. The battleship Bretagne’s</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">magazine exploded, Gensoul’s flagship Dunkerque was hit four times, the</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">battleship Provence sank, and the destroyer Mogador had its stern blown off.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">1297 French servicemen were killed and 350 injured; the taskforce lost two</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">crewmen and five aircraft. The battleship Strasbourg escaped to Toulon, but was</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">scuttled in November 1942.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">An action against men and ships who were technically neutral and had worked</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">closely with Hood and her crew, though imperative, was felt to be contentious.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Somerville called it a ‘tragedy ... [of which] we all feel thoroughly ashamed’; he</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">wrote to his wife: ‘my heart wasn’t in it and you’re not allowed a heart in war.’</div><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;">*The Axis powers allied against the UK were Germany, Italy and Japan.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">**To scuttle a ship is to deliberately sink it.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">***The Fairey Swordfish was a fabric-covered torpedo bomber biplane, looking</p><p style="text-align: justify;">like a fragile dragon-fly but a key actor in the loss of Bismarck on 27 May 1941.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Thanks are due to The Daily Chronicles of World War II, ‘British Justify</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Destruction of French Fleet at Mers-el-Kébir’, https://ww2days.com/royal-navy-</p><p style="text-align: justify;">destroys-french-fleet.html; to the HMS Hood Association, for Sub-Lieutenant R.G.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Phillips’ account of the battle and Appendix No. 1 to Hood Report No. 0130, 5 July</p><p style="text-align: justify;">1940, http://www.hmshood.org.uk/history/forceh/oran.htm; and to Thomas</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Parker, ‘When Winston Churchill Bombed France: The Battle of Mers-el-Kébir’,</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The National Interest 13 August 2016. Ronald Phillips was Paymaster on Hood</p><p style="text-align: justify;">and died with Keith Peel when the ship was lost.</p>Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-37748068361170814712022-10-30T14:26:00.028+01:002022-11-14T00:25:22.821+01:00Skinner in Noordwijk<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjpv45m71WBnE-kUYFMVGXfVzwDPyZZVXTCDfYeHHGsYzlFydL8bimkvvWG0sliUz1utC62xb-gU_85PSAzQYXjUO2bdiBIAnhmAeiJoocSnO59qqDIdDXmhcJukvn7zndORIesziIhtT1ZWFTzeo373fvcVpjucLxNDWvzDEyIclr1XU4-WOF4oGS-xg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img data-original-height="1960" data-original-width="1375" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjpv45m71WBnE-kUYFMVGXfVzwDPyZZVXTCDfYeHHGsYzlFydL8bimkvvWG0sliUz1utC62xb-gU_85PSAzQYXjUO2bdiBIAnhmAeiJoocSnO59qqDIdDXmhcJukvn7zndORIesziIhtT1ZWFTzeo373fvcVpjucLxNDWvzDEyIclr1XU4-WOF4oGS-xg=w280-h400" width="280" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><br /></b></div><b>Jaren na de eerste bijdragen over de leerlingen van de in Noordwijk gevestigde Kostschool van de Jozeph de Veer in deze Blog Zijn er fondsen vrijgekomen om een gedegen onderzoek in te stellen naar de tijd dat hij als leerling zijn in Noordwijk genoten opleiding in zijn dagboek beschreef.</b><div><br /></div><div><i><span style="font-size: medium;">Years after the first contributions about the students of the Jozeph de Veer Boarding School in Noordwijk in this Blog, funds have been released to conduct a thorough investigation into the time when he described his education in Noordwijk in his diary. </span></i></div>Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-27853696847182218072022-10-27T15:23:00.003+02:002022-10-27T15:23:57.356+02:00Violet Mona and Reginald Peel: An Indian Life and Afterwards<p> Violet Mona and Reginald Peel: An Indian Life and Afterwards</p><p>We know Violet Peel as the second wife of Reginald Peel; their story exemplifies</p><p>the English families who lived, worked, and died under the British Raj (colonial</p><p>rule).</p><p>Violet’s expression on the blog* is resolute:, ready to cope with the climate, the</p><p>wildlife and the daily fear of malignant disease. Raj officers’ wives are now</p><p>parodied as ‘memsahibs’, flaunting their ‘white privilege’ but that, even if true,</p><p>was no defence against the privations of a posting to India, Malaya or some other</p><p>outpost of the empire.</p><p>Violet and her twin sister Flossy (Florence) May were born in October 1897 to</p><p>George Grant, an Army accountant, in the cantonment (barracks) in Coloba, one</p><p>of the seven islands in the Bombay Presidency.** Her other siblings were born</p><p>wherever her father was stationed – George, Gibralter (1893); Arthur,</p><p>Ahmednager in Maharashtra (1895); twins Henry and Albert, Ajmer in Rajasthan</p><p>(1903). Ajmer Junction was also an important railway hub, where Reginald Peel</p><p>worked and where his eldest son died.</p><p>Reginald’s life typified how India could both give and take away. He married</p><p>Frances Maude Vlieland in June 1906; his first son Francis was born in March</p><p>1907, and died in Ajmer that November at nine months old. Frances died of</p><p>malignant malaria, a condition of pregnancy, in Wellington Mansions, Fort</p><p>Bombay, in February 1914, aged just 29. There was no birth in 1912 or 1913, so</p><p>there may have been an unrecorded stillbirth or miscarriage.</p><p>Reginald’s was an ‘old’ Indian family. He was born in 1873 in Moradabad in</p><p>Bengal and (like his father Nathaniel) was a comptroller (auditor/accountant) on</p><p>the BB&amp;CI.*** Headquartered in Churchgate in Bombay (now Mumbai), his work</p><p>could take him 500 miles away to Ajmer and Sirwi (now Sirui), where Barbara,</p><p>his third child, was born in November 1911. Reginald’s second son, Clifford, born</p><p>in December 1908 and never in India, was named after Reginald’s own younger</p><p>brother, who lived for only a month after his birth in Bengal in 1874.</p><p>Reginald would have shared social and professional circles with George Grant</p><p>and his family in Ajmer and Bombay. In June 1916, he came home to announce</p><p>his engagement to his parents-in-law, Charles and Alice Vlieland. Whether it</p><p>was a conciliatory or a bitter interview, while the marriage took place in Naini</p><p>Tal, Bengal, in September, Clifford and Barbara did not go with him.****</p><p>Reginald had five sons in his ‘second family’: Keith (b. 1917, who we have just</p><p>met on the blog), Clarence (b. 1919), John (b. 1923), Laurence (b. 1927) and</p><p>Michael (b. 1929). The eldest three sons were born in Bengal, so Reginald must</p><p>have been posted to the ABR or the EBR network; ***** the gap in births between</p><p>Clarence and John and John and Laurence may again mean infant deaths</p><p>Now the picture becomes less clear, and if any descendant families can help to</p><p>complete it, please contact the blog.</p><p><br /></p><p>Violet and Reginald left India some time after John’s birth in 1923, settling in a</p><p>rural village in West Sussex, where Laurence and Michael were born. In 1937,</p><p>Violet took a lease on 19A Eaton Place, a beautiful John Nash-built terrace</p><p>running down to the sea in the ‘old India hand’ quarter of Brighton around</p><p>Eastern Road. Reginald died there aged 64 in January 1938, and Keith was</p><p>probably married from the flat later in the year.</p><p>Violet died in 1992 aged 94. She married Horace George Wood in 1945; he died</p><p>in 1957, so Violet was widowed again after 12 years of marriage. Her brothers</p><p>Henry died in 1964 and George in 1970, her sons Keith in 1941, John in 1985</p><p>and Clarence in 1986. John deserted from the Army and was imprisoned for</p><p>stealing when on the run in 1948, aged only 25, possibly triggered by Keith’s</p><p>death. We are still investigating the Surrey Assizes’ records, so may know more</p><p>later.</p><p>*14 August 2013.</p><p>**Violet and Flossy were born into a city suffering the worst outbreak of plague</p><p>in Mumbai’s history. We shall make a separate post on how the outbreak</p><p>changed the city and the lives of everyone who lived there.</p><p>***BB&amp;CI = Bombay, Baroda and Central Indian Railway.</p><p>****One explanation is that Reginald did not want to burden the 19-year-old</p><p>Violet with a 4- and 7-year old stepchild and was happy to leave them with their</p><p>grandparents. The other is that Charles and Alice were totally opposed to</p><p>abandoning their grandchildren, and especially Clifford, to Violet’s care in India,</p><p>and Reginald acceded.</p><p>***** ABR = Assam Bengal Railway; EBR = Eastern Bengal Railway.</p>Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-61621884939428503652022-10-27T15:22:00.001+02:002022-10-27T15:22:22.720+02:00Death in Bombay<p> Death in Bombay, 1897</p><p>We have seen that Violet and Flossy Grant were born in the army cantonments</p><p>in Coloba, one of the seven islands of the Bombay Presidency, at the height of one</p><p>of the worst outbreaks of bubonic plague known in the city.</p><p>The British Raj (colonial) government wanted Bombay to be the first city of</p><p>India, second only to London, with its Gothic architecture and historic</p><p>monuments such as the Victoria Railway Terminus and St Thomas Cathedral in</p><p>the centre of the city.</p><p>But this was a façade, a showcase city built on a tiny cluster of low-lying islands</p><p>facing the sea. There was a small elite overclass and an impoverished working</p><p>population in the mills and the docks living in chawls (tenenents) built on badly</p><p>drained unpaved ground, often with stagnant water standing in the streets. The</p><p>plague infection, spread by flea-carrying rats in grain and other goods traded</p><p>from Hong Kong, arrived in Mandvi and Coloba in September 1896 and quickly</p><p>took hold throughout the city, with a death rate estimated at 61% by 1898.</p><p>George Grant, Reginald Peel’s father-in-law, would have been at the forefront</p><p>of the Army response, quarantining. disinfecting and segregating the lower-class</p><p>population, removing them to temporary hospitals and ‘plague camps’ and</p><p>razing the chawls to the ground in an attempt to cut off the rats’ breeding</p><p>grounds. This was in most cases an overkill response to an environmental</p><p>‘enemy’ that could not be beaten without an upgraded drainage and sewage</p><p>infrastructure, and since similar draconian measures were not applied in the</p><p>European districts, there was strong social discontent.</p><p>The government response was also hampered by religious tensions: the Jain</p><p>merchants and Muslim traders around the Mandvi port were opposed on</p><p>religious grounds to the killing of any animal, including rats, and eradication was</p><p>almost impossible in these districts.</p><p>George Grant’s wife Mary was pregnant from February to October 1897, while</p><p>also caring for the 4-year-old George, Jr and 2-year-old Arthur; although they and</p><p>Violet survived there is still a question mark over Flossy, who does not appear in</p><p>the photographs of the Grant family on the blog of 24 August 2013.</p><p>Acknowledgements are due to Cynthia Desmukh, Proceedings of the Indian</p><p>History Congress, 49, 1988, and Nadia Nooreyezdan, Atlas Obscura, 14 May 2020,</p><p>for some of the material in this post.</p>Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-39643248393533741982022-09-05T21:41:00.000+02:002022-10-30T21:44:03.515+01:00Hood and Resolution in Oran6 juli 1940 | Nieuwe Leidsche Courant | pagina 2
Uit Algeciras wordt aan het D. N. B. ge meld, dat aan den overval op de Fransche oorlogsschepen in Oran hebben deelgenomen de Engelsche slagschepen Hood en Resolution, benevens .nog een linieschip en ... . Achter de Scharnhorst* en de Gneisenau waren de dreigende silhouetten van de Bismarck en Von Tirpitz verrezen.
<div><br /></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">J</span><i><span style="font-size: medium;">uly 6, 1940 | Nieuwe Leidsche Courant | page 2 From Algeciras it is reported to the D.N.B. that the English battleships Hood and Resolution took part in the raid on the French warships in Oran, in addition to another ship of the line and ... . Behind the Scharnhorst* and the Gneisenau the menacing silhouettes of the Bismarck and Von Tirpitz had risen.</span></i></div><div><br /></div>Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-88335622597539286312022-08-27T22:29:00.007+02:002022-10-30T21:31:12.650+01:00 the relationship between Jerome Nicholas Hollander and a Noordwijk skipper Jeroen Klaaszoon VlielandAl vele jaren gaat ons onderzoek naar de relatie tussen Jerome Nicholas Hollander en een Noordwijkse Schipper Jeroen Klaaszoon Vlieland, schipper op een bomschuit, die de veerdienst onderhield en zo in een regelmatige lijndienst, post en passagiers overbracht naar het aan overkant van de Noordzee liggende plaatsje Topsham (Verenigd Koninkrijk). Wie helpt ons aan de oplossing van dit vraagstuk. Duik in de Blog. Is het misschien uiteindelijk de uitgave van de rijke kostschool Puber John Skinner ........Wordt het een zaak voor "Opsporing Verzocht" of.......de (leef)tijd dringt. Help mee het onderzoek na meer dan 12 decennia definitief op te lossen.<div><br /></div><div><i><span style="font-size: medium;">For many years now, our research has been on the relationship between Jerome Nicholas Hollander and a Noordwijk skipper Jeroen Klaaszoon Vlieland, skipper on a bomb barge, who maintained the ferry service and thus transferred mail and passengers to the town on the other side of the North Sea in a regular service. Topsham (United Kingdom). Who will help us to solve this problem. Dives into the Blog. Is it perhaps ultimately the publication of the rich boarding school Adolescent John Skinner ........ Will it be a case for "Opsporing Verzocht" or ....... the (age) time is running out. Help solve the research after more than 12 decades.......</span></i></div>Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-48504344932829029622022-08-27T12:59:00.003+02:002022-08-27T13:14:02.159+02:00The Old Ship Hotel, HMS Hood and the Battle of the Denmark Strait<b>Thanks to Barbara for this contribution.</b>
The Old Ship Hotel, HMS Hood and the Battle of the Denmark Strait
What connection could there be between the oldest hotel in Brighton, the British
battlecruiser HMS Hood, and a naval engagement in May 1941?
The connection is Reginald Keith Peel, who has deep family links in our
Vlieland story. Named after his father but always called ‘Keith’, he was the eldest
son of Reginald Peel by his second marriage, his first being to Frances Maude,
eldest daughter of Charles James and Alice Edith Vlieland.
HMS Hood was launched at John Brown & Co.’s shipyard on the river Clyde in
Scotland on 22 August 1918. The largest in the world at the time, she was built
for speed, but this sacrificed the protection of her armaments. In July 1940, she
helped to destroy the French ships in the harbour of Mers-El-Kébir, to deny
Germany the use of the fleet.
She next deployed in Scapa Flow, off the Orkney Islands, escorting British
merchant convoys bringing in vital supplies from America under German U-boat
attack. By then over 20 years old, a refit to strengthen her decks and protect her
vulnerable magazine (ammunition store) had to be cancelled in 1939.
On 24 May 1941, she engaged with the heavy cruiser Prinz Eugen and the
battleship Bismarck in the Denmark Strait between Greenland and Iceland. A 15-
inch shell from Bismarck hit Hood’s magazine containing 100 tons of cordite
explosive: she blew up, split in half and sank in 3 minutes, with the loss of 1418
crew, including Keith, Assistant Steward on the ship.
Keith enlisted in October 1940 and joined Hood in February 1941. He is named
on the Portsmouth Naval Memorial and in the Hood Chapel in St John the Baptist
Church at Boldre in the New Forest, the family church of Vice Admiral Lancelot
Holland, who was also lost: Ted Briggs, one of only three of the crew to survive,
had a last sight of Holland sitting in his chair in stunned dejection as his ship
disintegrated around him
The Old Ship Hotel on Brighton seafront was first recorded as The Shippe as early
as 1559, and by the 1760s was the most fashionable venue in the town. Archie
Graham (husband of Barbara Vlieland Peel), always took a room when he was
playing the Theatre Royal. Keith joined the hotel at 18 in 1935, and learned the
etiquette of the sommelier’s trade (how to choose wine and glasses and present
them at the table), bringing up bottles from the cavernous cellars with their
smugglers’ passages leading to the sea. On Hood, he would have been assigned to
serve at table in the messroom or officers’ quarters and maintain ‘discipline’ in
his onboard ‘hotel’.
Although it is now lost, a brass plaque in the Old Ship’s foyer honoured all the
hotel staff killed in the two World Wars, so Keith was remembered there as well.
Some of the material in this post draws on that by Barbara Smith (Keith’s
daughter) on 25 August 2013. Ted Briggs’ memories come from David Mearns
and Rob White,<i> Hood and Bismarck</i>(2002)
Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-86580227816619498162022-08-10T14:48:00.008+02:002022-09-06T13:35:46.634+02:00The Bridge Inn in Topsham<blockquote><h4 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: times;"><b><i><span>Did Jeroen Aldertsz Vlieland and his crew drink in The Bridge Inn in </span></i></b><b><i><span>Topsham.</span></i></b> </span></h4></blockquote><blockquote><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: times;"><b><span>The Bridge Inn in Topsham, the port where we know that Jeroen Aldertsz Vlieland traded as a master mariner, has just had its heritage listing upgraded by Historic England because of its remarkable interior, including a stonefireplace, a salt cupboard, a hatch through which ale was served and a malthouseat the back to brew its own beer, with a large brewing chimney and the remainsof the stone floor where the hops were spread out to dry, just like William Millenwould have had at Syndale Farm. Standing on Bridge Hill, the building was mentioned in the Domesday Book, butflourished as public house especially after 1797, and Jeroen would certainly haveknown it. Built of local stone and cob (compacted clay and straw), it had its ownquay and salt refinery (see below).</span></b><span style="text-align: left;"> </span></span></div></div></blockquote><blockquote><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: times;">We know how important Topsham was in the wool and cloth trade, but the ships that brought back cod fish to the port fromNewfoundland from the 1640s until the early 1700s supported local work for carpenters, rope-makers, coopers (barrel-makers) and chandlers (candle-makers), all of which was lost during the conflicts with Spain and Holland and then the Napoleonic Wars.</span></b></div></div></blockquote><blockquote><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: times;">Salt was vital to preserve the Newfoundland catch while it was being transportedback to Devon in the ship’s hold and then to cure it before it, and local-caughtsalmon, were transported to up-country buyers. The marshlands around Topsham had been mined for salt from medieval times: in 1836, the town’s Saltworks was auctioned as a going concern at the Salutation Inn, along with 2 acres of land, the quay and ’two neat dwellings’. </span></b></div></div></blockquote><p><span style="font-family: times;"> </span></p><blockquote><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: times;"><b><span>The salty sea-water from themarsh </span></b><b><span>land was collected in massive shallow iron pans and the liquid evaporated above a furnace so that the crystals were left as sediment, shovelled into woodenblocks by a ‘lumpman’, and then dried and raised to the first-floor warehouse bya ‘loftman’ for sale. Even as late as the 1950s in England you could go to agrocer’s shop and buy a slice off a salt block and grate it into grains at home. Salt was also a valuable trade item, taxed heavily by the government Board of Excise. For domestic use, it was so expensive that it was kept in a stone salt cupboard or hand-made wooden salt-box, often with a lock and key, and hung by the fire so the grains could be kept dry and free from mould, and just a tiny spoonful used for cooking or at meals. In wealthier households, the salt-spoons themselves were part of the family silver, made by firms such as Thomas Eustace of Exeter, with a scallop-shaped bowl and an engraved handle In New England states such as Maine, New Hampshire and Massachusetts, the settlers from England in the 1630s built ‘salt-box houses’, mimicking the shape of their salt-box from home, with one slope of the roof much lower than the other to protect the house from snow or extreme heat.</span></b></span></div></div></blockquote><blockquote><div style="text-align: left;"><b><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: times;">Thanks to Barbara for her lovely contribution </span></b></div></b></div></blockquote><blockquote><blockquote><p></p></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote><p></p></blockquote><p></p>Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-15441157974051648302022-07-19T12:18:00.000+02:002022-08-09T17:02:53.334+02:00A BIG VLIELAND CONNECTIONOspringe: a small village in Kent with a big Vlieland connection Ospringe –
originally known as ‘Ospringes’ because of the ‘water lane’ of springs that ran
through it, was a hamlet named in The Domesday Book that, although both rural
and remote, had surprisingly many connections to our Vlieland story.
The next door-parish was Syndale, the estate farmed by William Millen and where Alice
Edith Millen and her younger sister Bertha, grew up. Alice Edith, as we know,
married Charles James Vlieland of Stalisfield, two miles away; Bertha married
Herbert Samuel Shove of Queen’s Court, the mansion originally owned by Margaret,
the wife of King Edward I, and the ‘big house’ in Ospringe. Until his early
death at 35, in 1889, Herbert Samuel and William Millen were in partnership to
work farms in nearby Plumford and Luddenham. In 1877, though still in his early
20s, Herbert helped to support the Vlieland children when Jerome Nicholas
Vlieland died and his children and second wife Ann literally ‘lost their
living’, as the vicarage passed to the new incumbent and they were turned out on
the street.
Bertha was born in 1865, married to the 31-year old Herbert in June
1885, and widowed four years later, a month after her mother Phoebe Millen’s own
death. Alice Edith’ third daughter Phoebe was born at Queen’s Court in January
1888, and christened at St Peter and St Paul’s Church in the village. Why Phoebe
was not born in Exeter, like her elder sisters Frances and Dorothy, is not
clear, but maybe Alice came to help with Bertha’s young family – Herbert William
b. July 1886 and Gerald Frank b. November 1887 – when Bertha was only 21 and 22.
Her third son, Ralph Samuel, was born in May 1889, only a month before Herbert
Samuel’s death.
Herbert William Shove, Bertha’s eldest son, was the best man at
the wedding of Frances Vlieland in Exeter in April 1906; we know from the blog
that he was a decorated naval officer and later prominent in the ‘Flee to the
Fields’ movement in 1918–39 that lobbied the government to create a land reform
to give every smallholder farmer his own plot of land, not tied to a landowner
as a ‘tenant slave’.
Bertha and Herbert Samuel are both buried in the beautiful
13th-century church in Water Lane; in Victorian times a ‘hop garden’ lined the
path to the church. Hop flowers (known as ‘cones’) are crucial for brewing beer.
The hop plants climb 19- foot high chestnut-wood poles on strings of twine,
trained on the frame by ‘monkeys’, men walking on stilts, as has been done since
the 15th century. The harvest is picked by hand, and the hops added to the
boiling process to add bitterness, flavour and stability to the brew. We know
all about William Millen as a sheep farmer, but the family now farming at
Syndale have records going back to his time as a hop-grower as well, so we may
have a whole new story to tell.
Thanks to BARBARA,
Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-47338920155768279122022-05-10T21:01:00.002+02:002022-08-09T17:27:13.041+02:00WHAT JOHN GREENE HALL DID NEXTWhat John Greene Hall did next:<div><br /></div><div> We know that in 1867 John designed Aucher Villas, the almshouses where Sarah Ann Vlieland spent the last 25 years of her life. It was his first big commission, as he had become Canterbury city surveyor the year before, aged only 31.
John was born in Hampshire in 1835 and apprenticed to his father Thomas as a cabinet maker. He studied for his RIBA1 examinations and rose to be managing clerk of Colsons, architects of the major restoration of Winchester Cathedral in the early 1860s: the influence of the Cathedral’s turrets and flat-faced gables is all over hislater work on Hammond’s Bank (see below).
In his 20 years in Canterbury, he transformed the city streetscape and, in 1882, built a narrow, brick-banded office for himself at no. 4 St Margaret’s Street. In 1887, he was commissioned to rebuild no. 51, Hammond & Co., the Canterbury Bank, founded in 1788 (now Lloyds Bank). Although he died before it was finished, it is his finest work, and if you know Aucher Villas you can clearly see his ‘hand’, even if the bank is more ‘civic’ and less Art & Crafts-inspired.
The bank’s red ‘Bracknell’ brick2 and pale stone frontage has the same oriel windows, quatrefoil cutouts on the lintels and a whole course of ‘gothic’ gables, and the ‘AD’ and ‘1887’ date stones are entwined with stylisedfruit and foliage. The turreted chimney stacks also reference St Alban’s Court in Nonington, the nearby ancestral home of the Hammond family, directors of the bank since the 1800s, but they make the frontage look cramped and cluttered compared to the simple outlines of Aucher Villas.
St Alban’s Court was originally a convent dedicated to the first English martyr, killed under Roman rule and buried in St Albans Abbey outside London. One can see its ‘Romanesque’ features in The London and County Bank (now NatWest Bank) that John built in 1885 at no. 11 The Parade, a beautiful rag3 and Bath stone ‘palazzo’ with broad flat window lintels and heavy rounded ‘aedicule’ columns.4 Was this a quiet doffing of the cap to his patron that got him the Hammond’s Bank commission 2 years’ later?
1 Royal Institute of British Architects.
2 The ‘TLB’ trademark stamped on the high-end bricks John used stood for ‘Thomas Lawrence of Bracknell’, whose bricks were also used in Westminster Cathedral and the Royal Albert Hall, machine-made for standard walls and hand-pressed (with their own number in the brick) for an individual design. In Hammond’s they were laid in the ‘English Bond’ pattern, with one course or row of bricks laid on their side (stretchers) and the one below end-on (headers).
3 Rag stone is a blue-grey limestone, quarried in Maidstone, 30 miles from Canterbury.
4 ‘Romanesque’ architecture flourished between 900 and 1200, using massive stone arches and arcades. An ‘aedicule’ was originally a niche in a wall holding a saint’s statue; at no. 11 they are small top-floor windows,sharing the fashion after the 1860s for commercial premises to look like an Italian ‘palace’.
Thanks are due to The Victorian Web for their post on the restoration of Winchester Cathedral under John Colson (2009); the Canterbury Historical and Archeological Society for information on Hall’s background and work in Canterbury (2015); John Harrison for his information on Thomas Lawrence; and particularly Martyn Fretwellhttps://ukbricks.blogspot.com for the ‘Bracknell’ brick and other help. I am also indebted to SherbanCantacuzino’s Canterbury (Studio Vista, 1970). Very many thanks are also due for the picture of Hammond’s Bank to the two friends of the blog who photographed the graves of Jerome Nicholas and Sarah Vlieland in 2010.
Sent from my iPad
</div>Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-4833075046217621092022-02-20T20:04:00.001+01:002022-04-02T11:13:21.205+02:00<p> Thanks to Barbara </p><p>intriguing suggestion we like to learn more about :</p><p></p><blockquote><p> <span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Another ship called </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">L’Espérance</span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-b227f431-7fff-2dab-14cb-d170f988d0ad"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">We know that </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Jeroen Aldertz Vlieland</span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> ran the Rotterdam to Topsham and Rotterdam to Perth trips on his ship, </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">L’Espérance</span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> (Hope), but an even more famous ship bore that name before her.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">This was a French </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">scow </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">(fully rigged wide-beamed sailing dinghy) of the Rhône class of the French navy, launched in August 1781 and reclassified as a frigate (noted for speed and quick movement) 10 years later. Built in Toulon in 1780, her original name was </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Durance </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">(Durability), and she served as a troop ship in the squadron of the Compte de Grasse until, in December 1782, she joined a convoy to the West Indies, part of an unsuccessful plan to capture Jamaica and the British colony of the Windward Islands.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">L’Espérance</span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> is next heard of in September 1791 when, under Captain Huon de Kermadec, she sailed from Brest to New Caledonia to search for Jean-François de la Pérouse, an explorer sponsored by King Louis XVI to emulate (and outdo) Captain Cook’s voyages of discovery. Pérouse’s two ships were last seen in the area of Botany Bay in Sydney, Australia, but then vanished without trace, although some wreckage was found in 1826.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">In October 1793, </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">L’Espérance</span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> was anchored off Surabaya in Indonesia when she was captured by the Dutch. She was returned to France in February 1794; in September, she was sold to Holland and in October decommissioned and broken up for scrap.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Did Jeroen name his ship after this famous ancestor?</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Thanks are due to Military Wiki for some of the information in this post.</span></p><div><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></div></span></blockquote><span id="docs-internal-guid-b227f431-7fff-2dab-14cb-d170f988d0ad"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"></span></p></span>Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-16189711237591592312022-02-18T17:17:00.001+01:002022-02-18T17:17:00.179+01:00In search of L’Espérance (Hope) that failed to reach Jamaica<p><br /></p><p>Thanks to Barbara </p><p>intriguing suggestion we like to learn more about :</p><p></p><blockquote><p> <span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Another ship called </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">L’Espérance</span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-b227f431-7fff-2dab-14cb-d170f988d0ad"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">We know that </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Jeroen Aldertz Vlieland</span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> ran the Rotterdam to Topsham and Rotterdam to Perth trips on his ship, </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">L’Espérance</span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> (Hope), but an even more famous ship bore that name before her.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">This was a French </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">scow </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">(fully rigged wide-beamed sailing dinghy) of the Rhône class of the French navy, launched in August 1781 and reclassified as a frigate (noted for speed and quick movement) 10 years later. Built in Toulon in 1780, her original name was </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Durance </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">(Durability), and she served as a troop ship in the squadron of the Compte de Grasse until, in December 1782, she joined a convoy to the West Indies, part of an unsuccessful plan to capture Jamaica and the British colony of the Windward Islands.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">L’Espérance</span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> is next heard of in September 1791 when, under Captain Huon de Kermadec, she sailed from Brest to New Caledonia to search for Jean-François de la Pérouse, an explorer sponsored by King Louis XVI to emulate (and outdo) Captain Cook’s voyages of discovery. Pérouse’s two ships were last seen in the area of Botany Bay in Sydney, Australia, but then vanished without trace, although some wreckage was found in 1826.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">In October 1793, </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">L’Espérance</span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> was anchored off Surabaya in Indonesia when she was captured by the Dutch. She was returned to France in February 1794; in September, she was sold to Holland and in October decommissioned and broken up for scrap.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Did Jeroen name his ship after this famous ancestor?</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Thanks are due to Military Wiki for some of the information in this post.</span></p></span></blockquote><span id="docs-internal-guid-b227f431-7fff-2dab-14cb-d170f988d0ad"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"></span></p><div><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></div></span>Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-81798534606219395942022-02-16T20:10:00.001+01:002022-02-16T20:10:00.207+01:00AN EARLY ROOF TILES CONNECTION<p>It is an article recently published in "Het Leidsche Dagblad" and the lovely shape of the roof tiles showed that intriges .</p><p>#VVDW: rare Oegstgeester roof tiles</p><p>Rare scale-shaped roof tiles found during the demolition of a cafe in Oud Ade. These are so-called Oegstgeester roof tiles from ca. 1868. A machine product made between 1852 and 1907 by a roof tile factory from Oegstgeest. The archives of both Oegstgeest and Leiden contain documents about this roof tile factory along the Rhine.</p><p>The text NIJVERHEID OEGSTGEEST is stamped on one of the roof tiles, a reference to the manufacturer. Roof tile factory 'De Nijverheid' ( * "The Industry) made such roof tiles between 1852 and 1907, on the current Wernink site on the Rhine. At the time, that was still part of Oegstgeest. The archives of both Oegstgeest and Leiden contain documents about this roof tile factory, including some hitherto unknown photos. The Oegstgeest archive has been with Erfgoed Leiden en Omstreken since 1 January</p><p> #VVDW: zeldzame Oegstgeester dakpannen</p><p>Zeldzame schubvormige dakpannen gevonden bij sloop van een café in Oud Ade. Het gaat om zogenaamde Oegstgeester dakpannen uit ca. 1868. Een machinaal product gemaakt tussen 1852 en 1907 door een dakpannenfabriek uit Oegstgeest. De archieven van zowel Oegstgeest als Leiden bevatten stukken over deze dakpannenfabriek langs de Rijn.</p><p>Op een van de dakpannen staat de tekst NIJVERHEID OEGSTGEEST gestempeld, een verwijzing naar de producent. Dakpannenfabriek ‘De Nijverheid’ maakte dergelijke dakpannen tussen 1852 en 1907, op het huidige Werninkterrein aan de Rijn. Dat hoorde destijds nog bij Oegstgeest. De archieven van zowel Oegstgeest als Leiden bevatten stukken over deze dakpannenfabriek, waaronder enkele tot nu toe onbekende foto’s. Het archief van Oegstgeest bevindt zich sinds 1 januari bij Erfgoed Leiden en Omstreken.</p><div><br /></div>Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-75164147579584974952022-02-10T22:03:00.000+01:002022-02-10T22:03:01.058+01:00Dutch bricks and Serge cloth, blue flax and cheese.<p><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> Jeroen Aldertszoon Vlieland and the Rotterdam to Topsham trade</span></b></p><p><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US"><i><span style="font-size: medium;">Dutch
bricks and serge cloth, blue flax and cheese</span></i></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Dear Barbara, a lot of thanks for inform the J.N.Vlieland BLOG by inform us about this article as well"Thanks are due to David Cornforth for information on Exeter’s woollen industry, © Exeter Memories 24 January 2013.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"></span></p><blockquote><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">We know that <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Jeroen Vlieland </b>(stepfather of <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Jerome
Nicholas Vlieland the elder</b>) was one of the foremost sailing masters on the
Rotterdam to Topsham crossing, until he was made a prisoner of war in 1811, when
his ship <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">L’Esperance </i>was sold and his
family settled in Great Yarmouth. But what drove such shipmasters to brave the
trip from the delta of the <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Rhine, Meuse
and Scheldt rivers into the North Sea, through the Straits of Dover and a
further 250 miles along the English Channel to South Devon and the sheltered
harbour at Topsham?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">The answer from the Devon end of the trade
was woollen cloth. Originally, this was kersey, a coarse lower-grade material
used to make clothing for servants and the poor, but after about 1615 a finer-quality
serge cloth began to be produced from the long-fibre fleeces of Devon and
Somerset sheep. The woollen merchants of Exeter, members of the Guild of
Fullers, Tuckers and Shearmen, controlled the purchasing of fleeces at local
markets, sending them for carding and combing, spinning into yarn and then
weaving into cloth. We know that ‘rackfields’ were set up in the back alleys of
the town, where the finished serge was hung out to dry on ‘tenterhooks’,
reaching from attic to attic across the street. It was said that ‘mixed serges’
from both Exeter and Tiverton, 15 miles inland, ‘clothed the people of the Low
Countries’ until the fashion for lighter cloth and the growth of textile-making
in Holland itself caused the trade to fail.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">When the French imposed punitive import tariffs
in the 1680s, Devon merchants began shipping their goods by Rotterdam masters. What
came back to Devon on<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jeroen’s ship, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Topsham Post</i>, was common and fine
cheese, scrap iron and wooden hoops, possibly for use in cooperage. A bill of
lading from Alexander Paul’s wharf on the North Shore at Perth shows that he
also carried the unspun fibres of the blue flax plant, in ’20 heads’ or
bundles, so he clearly made another a regular run up the North Sea to the River
Tay, where weaving fine-spun linen from flax was a centuries-old craft.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">L’Esperance</i>
was sold in Rotterdam in 1811, her cargo included French salt, cyder, brandy
and aquafortis – nitric acid, used in explosives, dyes and inks. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Especially on the trip to Devon, when the
cargo might be lightweight, Jeroen’s ship would have had ‘Dutch bricks’ as ballast
to stop it keeling over in high winds. These were hard, light-coloured clay, dug
from the banks of the Waal, Rhine and IJssel rivers, mixed with sand, and
finally shaped into ‘raw stones’ that were then oven-fired. Several houses on
the Strand in Topsham along the Exe estuary are made of these bricks, with shapely
curved and hipped <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">klokgevels</i> (clock
gables) on their roofs, showing how deep the ‘Dutch connection’ was.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">We have now found more about Jeroen as a
shipping master, since our original post on 19 October 2009; our post on the
Exeter rackfields was on 21 June 2016.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Thanks are due to David Cornforth for
information on Exeter’s woollen industry, © Exeter Memories 24 January 2013.</span></p></blockquote><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p>Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-21448858962148694062021-10-05T15:28:00.003+02:002021-10-05T15:28:40.549+02:00What has happened to the most respected Jerome Nicholas Vlieland?<p>It is a long story, to long and sad to tell, so if you want to hear more about me and my soul-mate, contact me by email.</p><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgS5I6RUHYH2CrZ5Jj_04XK5LzBB9sWYUXmEXJLP2cyd3_8OK9k1LVO_b-jI3K4Nuvu6WQqFj3pZVp_XefcbEa9aKrAl4GHmWhNuV5p3ymolUdPmFiUQyb_z9dKGTHI8hak-1R4_B1S7z9M/s734/jeroen24-3-1803.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="375" data-original-width="734" height="204" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgS5I6RUHYH2CrZ5Jj_04XK5LzBB9sWYUXmEXJLP2cyd3_8OK9k1LVO_b-jI3K4Nuvu6WQqFj3pZVp_XefcbEa9aKrAl4GHmWhNuV5p3ymolUdPmFiUQyb_z9dKGTHI8hak-1R4_B1S7z9M/w400-h204/jeroen24-3-1803.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; 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text-align: center;">Vlieland Ancester Maija</div><p></p>Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-15583164517561838912021-07-19T20:54:00.014+02:002022-02-10T22:30:17.473+01:00LOVELY LADY<div class="FFpbKc" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-items: center; display: flex; margin-top: auto; padding-bottom: 8px; padding-left: 11px; padding-right: 4px;"><span aria-label="83 van 5.000 tekens gebruikt" class="ZTPlmc" role="img" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: #5f6368; direction: ltr; font-size: 12px; margin-left: auto; margin-top: 4px;"><br /></span><div class="nidPne" soy-skip="" ssk="6:nxlZ0e" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; display: inline-block; padding: 10px 16px;"><br /><c-wiz c-wiz="" class="reACy" data-node-index="1;0" data-p="%.@."",""]" jsaction="rcuQ6b:FkvwT;fgP5ge:vQ5fhd;pYfCx:Rayp9d;G5uTk:YW7Ut;nuAkFb:VbcIxe;PF39hf:WijZA,bakTsb,w0auy,uc7bub,OG0KKc,sMOlGe;h1Uxi:Hkadab;keAsDe:OdlKe,IBxxHd;we4cO:xCAWWb;" jscontroller="AKLKy" jsdata="deferred-i19" jsmodel="hc6Ubd VETAO" jsrenderer="rQ304" jsshadow="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; contain: style;"><span jsaction="mouseover: EiFl6d;" jsname="EeRPp" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;"><div __is_owner="true" data-anchor-corner="bottom-left" data-append-to-body="true" data-enable-skip-handler="false" data-popup-corner="top-left" data-propagate-tooltip-mouseover-events="true" data-show-delay-ms="250" id="ow89" jsaction="mouseover: kptBG(Fs81Kd); mouseout: o9UdU(Fs81Kd),o9UdU(V6DMGe);" jscontroller="HwavCb" jsshadow="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;"><div jsname="Fs81Kd" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;"><span jsslot="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;"><div class="scLCMd" jsname="okPJjb" soy-skip="" ssk="6:Ae3ooc" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;"></div></span></div></div></span></c-wiz></div></div><p><c-wiz c-wiz="" class="rm1UF UnxENd dHeVVb" data-node-index="2;0" data-p="%.@."","",""]" jsaction="fgP5ge:reBGj,fO5Jj;SuwQzc:psubsc;ZJRbqd:R99J9b;PPMpVe:Ro8hud;iRXaId:vQ5fhd,QHu6Rd,g1rTCe,hHjFBe;WUl1Sc:Lt1lf;ETwhqd:ohO51;xlKgVc:sz93Ff;auJseb:IV7LWe;pNe98e:B1XqVb;xFfZGc:fO5Jj;OQcvYd:o9EnMb,lXvwxb;sT00Fe:Nrlepe;K1idad:ueU8Ab;MFfQNe:XTf7qb;n3ynxb:tQNmWe;k9TsOe:PCDOwc;RRMwLc:Fg8W1e;mG3QHf:OYLrVb;Qz4V0b:hQ7xdc;fBzasf:YoknPd;UgEtGb:hQ7xdc;h5CHLc:i5R1S; click:gx3W4c; touchend:Ui18c;h1Uxi:qx6Cqc;PF39hf:gx3W4c;HmXuze:peH7Nc;FvQNXc:T2uEDc,J6gWY;zOKmBc:rV2CEd,ZQTNrf;NC92Xd:t0GU7d,UbDGRc;XZiffb:MEUYed,ZcXqnb;" jscontroller="M2suMc" jsdata="deferred-c912" jsmodel="hc6Ubd LP4cEc" jsrenderer="xuEY0" jsshadow="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background-color: white; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87); contain: style; display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex: 1 1 0%; font-family: Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; position: relative;"></c-wiz></p><h2 class="oBOnKe" id="c913" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); font: inherit; height: 1px; margin: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; text-align: left; white-space: nowrap; width: 1px; z-index: -1000;">VertaalresultatenELLY VLIET VLIELAND</h2><div class="dePhmb" jsaction="copy:zVnXqd,r8sht;" jsname="r5xl4" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex: 1 1 auto;"><div class="eyKpYb" data-language="en" data-original-language="nl" data-result-index="0" jsaction="rcuQ6b:uniPq;agoMJf:uniPq;d3Xgce:uniPq;PAwimb:fO5Jj;YMDPBc:IPcVpf;zimBkd:psubsc,xEIEwf,vvaHqf,Mw7EEb,bfSYBe,xdbiQe,Omr8vc,aVxZJe;cJuFmb:inBH1e;ZpeCNe:B59DSc;bA9BVe:NTHvjd,G7JiR;yZ6OX:TWxCtb;EKmdBc:g1rTCe; dblclick:wgdrZd" jscontroller="UmyLh" jsdata="Rd7LAc;_;$2362" jsmodel="d6pv6c" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; position: relative;"><div class="J0lOec" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; direction: ltr; line-height: 28px; min-height: 49px; padding: 20px 58px 20px 24px;"><span class="VIiyi" jsaction="mouseup:BR6jm" jsname="jqKxS" lang="en" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; display: inline;"><span class="JLqJ4b ChMk0b" data-language-for-alternatives="en" data-language-to-translate-into="nl" data-number-of-phrases="5" data-phrase-index="0" jsaction="agoMJf:PFBcW;usxOmf:aWLT7;jhKsnd:P7O7bd,F8DmGf;Q4AGo:Gm7gYd,qAKMYb;uFUCPb:pvnm0e,pfE8Hb,PFBcW;f56efd:dJXsye;EnoYf:KNzws,ZJsZZ,JgVSJc;zdMJQc:cCQNKb,ZJsZZ,zchEXc;Ytrrj:JJDvdc;tNR8yc:GeFvjb;oFN6Ye:hij5Wb;bmeZHc:iURhpf;Oxj3Xe:qAKMYb,yaf12d" jscontroller="Zl5N8" jsdata="uqLsIf;_;$2363" jsmodel="SsMkhd" jsname="txFAF" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; cursor: pointer;"><span jsaction="click:qtZ4nf,GFf3ac,tMZCfe; contextmenu:Nqw7Te,QP7LD; mouseout:Nqw7Te; mouseover:qtZ4nf,c2aHje" jsname="W297wb" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; color: black; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiRvDEMVe__HpKKMSr9c8rXLM45ySYADoBPe946zt98Tr4l_4w6FmLADmMRYBxow7H8Wkok8b7t1wWucctgd2cCbvUzRyUF_t_njJCrMC6AvddgHZrZp1HA8fAdJs-AOCSPVF6c880rHOWa19R18g8SNpZz4XJ3aFajVNMgJH_VZsNuzXpgdna_ATZ1Zw=s4160" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4160" data-original-width="3120" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiRvDEMVe__HpKKMSr9c8rXLM45ySYADoBPe946zt98Tr4l_4w6FmLADmMRYBxow7H8Wkok8b7t1wWucctgd2cCbvUzRyUF_t_njJCrMC6AvddgHZrZp1HA8fAdJs-AOCSPVF6c880rHOWa19R18g8SNpZz4XJ3aFajVNMgJH_VZsNuzXpgdna_ATZ1Zw=w480-h640" width="480" /></a></div><br /><span style="color: white; font-size: large;"><b> ELLY VLIET VLIELAND</b></span></span></span></span></div><div class="J0lOec" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; direction: ltr; line-height: 28px; min-height: 49px; padding: 20px 58px 20px 24px;"><span style="color: white; font-size: medium;"> thank you for all the inspiration and love you brought into our lives</span></div><div class="J0lOec" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; direction: ltr; line-height: 28px; min-height: 49px; padding: 20px 58px 20px 24px;"><span style="color: white; font-size: x-large;">Leiden, 25-09-1954 Noordwijk, 19-07-2022</span></div><div class="J0lOec" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: black; direction: ltr; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; min-height: 49px; padding: 20px 58px 20px 24px;"><br /></div></div></div>Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-7651038610443562332021-06-17T15:01:00.001+02:002021-06-17T15:01:04.842+02:00 Aucher Villas, 41–46 London Road Canterbury<p> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 700; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Aucher Villas, 41–46 London Road Canterbury</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 700; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 700; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjIJGg1mQHSM6urcItTX17n5HkFQ6wtGChGZyU4uQnIH3vuthrSf7u1eQ9vBdhVAp_Evv6cb-uJhJxp7ayXG7xnm1mSr-wyr8guy6nfG-9hIa7ckquX_m3I_Bg-8rE-LZ-IpqqJpidG_Je/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="1354" data-original-width="2032" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjIJGg1mQHSM6urcItTX17n5HkFQ6wtGChGZyU4uQnIH3vuthrSf7u1eQ9vBdhVAp_Evv6cb-uJhJxp7ayXG7xnm1mSr-wyr8guy6nfG-9hIa7ckquX_m3I_Bg-8rE-LZ-IpqqJpidG_Je/" width="320" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /><br /></span><p></p><p><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 700; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilynLFHmq-CpjZ_Kw8pE4Vr6SBUevklnG0a1QSMxv87Anf2eKguNihqajDZJesFJSph_YLER4Auzu30XSQpQvH2_Tb2DaEoEnsvyKSVMczmaQ-IxWNGvQA3Xm9R0Gcn5Uns1wM54hfRso3/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="426" data-original-width="640" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilynLFHmq-CpjZ_Kw8pE4Vr6SBUevklnG0a1QSMxv87Anf2eKguNihqajDZJesFJSph_YLER4Auzu30XSQpQvH2_Tb2DaEoEnsvyKSVMczmaQ-IxWNGvQA3Xm9R0Gcn5Uns1wM54hfRso3/" width="320" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-08c38bbb-7fff-0cc9-2c7b-f4dfee210b40"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">When<b><a href="https://jnvlieland.blogspot.com/2010/04/sarah-ann-johnson.html" target="_blank"> Sarah Ann Vlieland</a></b> moved here on the death of her husband in 1877, the almshouses were 10 years’ old, but the new Hospital is as full of interest as John Cogan’s house, where the charity began. Clearly the upkeep of an 1860s’ newbuild would be a lot less than that of a dilapidated sixteenth-century town house but, as we can see from the pictures already posted, care and beauty were lavished on Aucher Villas, making them a worthy successor. The three semi-detached houses around a central courtyard were built by John Greene Hall, Canterbury’s surveyor, and are now part of the city’s most significant Grade II listed heritage.</span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> John’s academic architectural training would have been in the mid-Victorian ‘Gothic Revival’ style of Augustus Pugin (who designed the interior of the Houses of Parliament after they had burned down in 1834), referencing medieval craftsmanship and ornate decoration. But Aucher Villas show more modern influences as well, looking towards the Arts & Crafts movement later in the century. John would have known the Red House in Kent, built by Philip Webb for William Morris, using local materials and drawing on traditional farmhouse design and ‘honest’ craftsmanship. </span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Aucher Villas are built of pale cream Kentish rubble* with stone facings round the windows, ‘gothic’ gables and a striking contrast of the red fishscale roof tiles with the dark bargeboards, decorated with a trefoil and quatrefoil cutout imitating leaves or rose petals, a standard motif in Arts & Crafts textiles and homeware. This was almost certainly influenced by the work of Pugin’s contemporary William Butterfield, who pioneered what he called ‘structural polychromy’, contrasting the colours on the facing of a house, such as the bands of black brick on a red brick façade in his master work, Keble College in the University of Oxford.</span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">The quatrefoil pattern is repeated in Aucher Villas’ beautiful lead light mullioned windows, ‘mullions’ being the stone bars supporting the window frames. Large panes of plate glass only became possible when glass itself became less expensive early in the twentieth century, so small pieces of glass in a geometric pattern were held together by lead strips to make ‘leaded lights’, above all in the downstairs’ canted bay windows (‘canted’ because they opened on three sides, with the two side panels set at an angle to the centre one).</span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">When one of the villas was recently for sale, it was marketed as ‘an enchanting ... house’, as Sarah Ann must have found it in her declining years.</span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">*Also known as ragstone or Kentish rag, a stone still quarried today in nearby Maidstone. </span></span></p><div><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">thanks Barbara !!!</span></span></div></span>Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-63373941177189525142021-05-22T16:18:00.001+02:002021-05-22T16:18:27.391+02:00Remembering the Cogan Hospital in Canterbury<p><span style="font-family: arial;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 700; white-space: pre-wrap;">Remembering the Cogan Hospital in Canterbury</span></span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-d3d8630b-7fff-45dc-07f3-2ec5d89a93e9"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The reminiscences about the Hospital on the</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="http://www.machadoink.com/" target="_blank">Historic Canterbury</a></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> site give a fascinating insight into its work and history (see quote (1)), and show clearly how having to rely on bequests (money or the income from land left in a will) often put its finances under severe strain. </span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><a href="http://www.northdowns.plus.com/otterden/auchers.html" target="_blank">The Aucher family</a></b> ((2), (5), (6)), who we know from Otterden House and<b><a href="http://www.machadoink.com/Cogans%20Hospital.htm" target="_blank"> Aucher Villas </a></b>(the new ‘handsome villa-like semi-detached houses on the London Road’, where<b><a href="https://jnvlieland.blogspot.com/2010/04/sarah-ann-johnson.html" target="_blank"> Sarah Ann Vlieland </a></b>lived from 1877 to 1902) were clearly important benefactors, but there were rarely enough funds to keep up the building itself, which was one reason for the move to London Road in 1870.</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbBjP33wI2rcimk3icC_IXJL9iNX9ZWJpPAlQQBzZT6ssWftErm6o_Gz5R0CJVVsUk5KKUZFrHA0_Oc7lZXlqeC25-iqBDUBt8ULDqHIgIQVnCRuHKTlu-wJ3EWvvdFhDcRlfycy2aw1cN/s2032/Aucher%2527s+Villas+London+Rd+Canterbury_1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1354" data-original-width="2032" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbBjP33wI2rcimk3icC_IXJL9iNX9ZWJpPAlQQBzZT6ssWftErm6o_Gz5R0CJVVsUk5KKUZFrHA0_Oc7lZXlqeC25-iqBDUBt8ULDqHIgIQVnCRuHKTlu-wJ3EWvvdFhDcRlfycy2aw1cN/w640-h426/Aucher%2527s+Villas+London+Rd+Canterbury_1.JPG" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmPN9opCU1hww1PuEwg3u1mwAoMltepVGSdwp8TvoCPrd7DmBzI8FfnYWLbxBii89aw_9wr9bJUy6HQ8z7knAlREZLGul1sPOSjIBx_DCRtMaY3nQW04SYVlQRXMmmTy4m7bkMvErGBNoa/s2032/Aucher%2527s+Villas+London+Road+Canterbury.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1354" data-original-width="2032" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmPN9opCU1hww1PuEwg3u1mwAoMltepVGSdwp8TvoCPrd7DmBzI8FfnYWLbxBii89aw_9wr9bJUy6HQ8z7knAlREZLGul1sPOSjIBx_DCRtMaY3nQW04SYVlQRXMmmTy4m7bkMvErGBNoa/w640-h426/Aucher%2527s+Villas+London+Road+Canterbury.JPG" width="640" /></a></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></span><p></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">The Hospital was also left in a precarious position on John Cogan’s death in 1657 ((2)). Under the Puritan government following the execution of King Charles I in 1649, John had been in charge of sequestrating (forcibly repossessing) the lands of royalist gentry and clergy in East Kent. The estate in Littlebourn he bequeathed to endow the Hospital had belonged to the Archbishops of Canterbury, and when Charles II was restored to the throne in 1660, all such sequestered lands had to be returned to their former owners. Their income was lost to the Hospital, which remained badly under-funded until the Barling, Lovejoy and Aucher bequests ((2), (3), (4)).</span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">It is hard to tell how much income was derived from the marshland bequeathed by Aucher and Barling ((3), (6)). If it was land reclaimed from the sea, it would have been very fertile pasture, but it could also be land from which salt was mined, barrelled up and sold for premium prices as a very precious commodity for preserving meat, even after the government tax on it was paid. Burmarsh, in the Aucher bequest, was a centre of the Roman trade, from where salt was exported all over the Empire.</span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">The Masters’ bequest ((7)) in fact became worthless in 1720, on the collapse of the South Sea Company in which she was invested – caught up in the ‘bubble’ in its shares caused by frenzied buying of stock when there was no realistic prospect of any profit being made. Her heir and executor, Sir Harcourt Masters, a Director of the Company, had already contested her will in 1718, maintaining it was unclear which Canterbury hospital she had intended to endow, but his estates were forfeited when the Company went down, and it was not until 1737 that any monies were paid out.</span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">(1) <b><a href="http://www.machadoink.com/Cogans%20Hospital.htm" target="_blank">‘Cogan’s Hospital </a></b>... was founded in 1199 for six poor widows of clergymen; within the old buildings are the remains of a dwelling belonging to the Grey or Franciscan Friars, who were settled here in 1224 by Henry III.’</span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">(2) ‘Mr. Cogan, of the city of Canterbury, gave by his will, dated July 27, 1657, his mansion house in St. Peter’s ... in trust to the mayor and corporation, for the habitation of six poor widows of clergymen ..., and endowed it with the lands of the late archbishop ... in Littlebourn:* but these being resumed at the restoration, the house ... remained unendowed ... [I]n 1696, [this was] in some measure compensated by the benefaction of Dr. [John] Aucher, a prebendary [administrator] of ... [Canterbury] Cathedral, who invested an estate ... for the payment of ten pounds a year.’</span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">(3) ’Mr. [Walter] Barling, by his will proved in 1670, devised one annuity or yearly rent of three pounds to be paid ... for ever, on September 1 yearly: one moiety [half] to the six poor widows inhabiting this house, and the other moiety towards the repair of the house ... to be paid out of his lands in Dering March [Marsh].’</span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">(4) ‘Mrs. Elizabeth Lovejoy, by her will in 1694, ... gave out of her personal estate, four pounds per annum, to be paid to Cogan’s hospital.’</span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">(5) ‘Dr. John Aucher, Prebendary of Canterbury, who died March 12, 1701, left an Estate of abt. 90£ a year for 6 poor widows of Clergymen in the Diocese. Each hath constantly 10 Guineas a year and commonly 2 [guineas] more and sometimes [an allowance] of Coals.’</span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">(6) ’Dr. Aucher’s deed is dated [1701]. The revenues consist of the rent of a messuage or farm-house, with 55 acres in Worde, and 32 acres of marsh land in Burmarsh and Eastchurch, in Romney Marsh.’</span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">(7) ‘[T]he poor in Cogan’s hospital are entitled to receive from Mrs. [Mary] Masters’s legacy, who died in 1716, the sixth part of the interest due from one hundred and sixty-three pounds sixteen shillings and three pence, old South-sea annuities.’</span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Some words in the original quotations have been edited, shown in [], to make their meaning clearer.</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">* The modern village is known as Littlebourne.</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The dates and sources for the quotations can be found on the </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Historic Canterbury</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> site: </span><a href="http://machadoink.com/Cogan's%20Hospital.htm" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">http://machadoink.com/Cogan’s%20Hospital.htm</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">; thanks are due to Tina Machado for permission to use them. </span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Thanks Barbara !</span></span></p><div><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></div>Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-69934964722505470872021-05-13T16:46:00.004+02:002021-05-13T16:59:08.679+02:00Tenterden<span style="font-family: arial;">Probably you know the books of Lucinda Riley.</span><div><span style="font-family: arial;">Easy books to read and a lot of pages .</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">Ideal to help you through the covid .</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">The first book is about Brazil and Rio .</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">5 years ago we were looking at the same Christo.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">The second one about Grieg and Bergen where we were just for the covid.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">And the third one about London and Kent where a great part of Jerome Nicholas Vlieland blogs have their origine.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFGAE0O0nZDaKkwArl03lg6OpW03JtNwnmWlnSIyQ8a9YVVHK5Lmxfmjy54E2JbNQBKR3A7x0hhaB8WjSXbN4LySQ95qrm5SnWRzGrUCnBxp64aWz7QiGxpfZicVAxOXSgvOfpTVpwNudP/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="499" data-original-width="330" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFGAE0O0nZDaKkwArl03lg6OpW03JtNwnmWlnSIyQ8a9YVVHK5Lmxfmjy54E2JbNQBKR3A7x0hhaB8WjSXbN4LySQ95qrm5SnWRzGrUCnBxp64aWz7QiGxpfZicVAxOXSgvOfpTVpwNudP/" width="159" /></a></div><br /><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">So today I was looking for a possible connection between Jerome and Flora MacNichol or other people </span><span style="font-family: arial;">in this book which is fiction based on some historic persons or events.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">And it is not Mrs Keppel or the king or the bookshops that connect.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">But the only connection can be found in Tenterden.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">Some <b><a href="https://jnvlieland.blogspot.com/2014/03/the-benzie-family-tree.html" target="_blank">children of the Benzies</a></b> were born there.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">Other chapters on the Benzies in the blog are on <b><a href="https://jnvlieland.blogspot.com/2014/03/james-benzie.html" target="_blank">James Benzie</a> </b>and<b> <a href="https://jnvlieland.blogspot.com/2014/03/robert-hammond-benzie.html" target="_blank">Robert Hammond Benzie</a></b></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXQjrDUsc9vt8kRaw5SJT6aYi1cDLY9UpXWbTFZ_-axNBCTYoiuxX2oRReLMgePaITubkhRyroA2GoHecylwbt-EqjTIBNkXflZ-70CD62DoBkpvgOtaU9xwQRwQimuudLBFxiKoJg5G8r/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="487" data-original-width="867" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXQjrDUsc9vt8kRaw5SJT6aYi1cDLY9UpXWbTFZ_-axNBCTYoiuxX2oRReLMgePaITubkhRyroA2GoHecylwbt-EqjTIBNkXflZ-70CD62DoBkpvgOtaU9xwQRwQimuudLBFxiKoJg5G8r/w640-h360/image.png" width="640" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: arial;">Of the other places mentioned in the book of Lucinda Riley is Rye the only one we know ,as I think we must be the only tourists to get lost there and because of that nearly missed our bus and ship.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIgY2LCG0p3ElUA0Yax7XvSS0DdBSAxKplrVtA0CiqYw9QGcMvllZXbe2uG1b8lVpQSjQ4k0tFmEKm1up_ykCvSOGKejcL3DbAPt6XfbcGEhe1Q_xNfBwipg1EcXsLPbSWbuVg-KD80yl4/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="250" data-original-width="250" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIgY2LCG0p3ElUA0Yax7XvSS0DdBSAxKplrVtA0CiqYw9QGcMvllZXbe2uG1b8lVpQSjQ4k0tFmEKm1up_ykCvSOGKejcL3DbAPt6XfbcGEhe1Q_xNfBwipg1EcXsLPbSWbuVg-KD80yl4/w640-h640/image.png" width="640" /></a></div><br /><br /></div>Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-63623365849240695752021-04-26T21:07:00.000+02:002021-04-26T21:07:48.778+02:00<p><span style="font-family: arial;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 700; white-space: pre-wrap;">William Lewin of Otterden Place</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8qjlU0eCWI7uAOSx3JdY2rOKhTu1JyIku2RO6d2Qt0CwZt9JvBsQvLdr-30aG4ZOU-sS7YK4TkYI_Uh8IHKcmgmOoYIFRZtk3Pcb51N7e2SAF0vG0DQYXV_1WoXnVQBe3WileyAoXMvlH/s800/aucher.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="600" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8qjlU0eCWI7uAOSx3JdY2rOKhTu1JyIku2RO6d2Qt0CwZt9JvBsQvLdr-30aG4ZOU-sS7YK4TkYI_Uh8IHKcmgmOoYIFRZtk3Pcb51N7e2SAF0vG0DQYXV_1WoXnVQBe3WileyAoXMvlH/w300-h400/aucher.jpg" width="300" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 700; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span><p></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-f2b41e92-7fff-e84a-baaa-24cd25d71c63"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">We have already seen that the striking alabaster memorial to William Lewin in Otterden Church was moved into the north aisle when the new church was built, and William Paxton would have seen it every day he when worshipped there. But Lewin’s own family, and that of the Auchers (after whom Aucher Villas’ almshouses in Canterbury are named), from whom he inherited Otterden Place, has its own fascinating story.</span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The Aucher family had a very long pedigree, and were connected with Otterden Place from at least the 1430s. Many were in government service: Anthony Aucher, Marshal of Calais, died of wounds sustained in the siege of the town in January 1558 when a surprise artillery attack caused the fall of the last English-held territory in France. John Aucher’s daughter Anne married Sir Humphrey Gilbert in 1570 and brought him Otterden Place as part of her dowry, and it was Gilbert from whom William Lewin bought the house around 1578, sold to finance Gilbert’s voyages of exploration that ended when his ship , the </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Squirrel,</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> was wrecked off Newfoundland in September 1583. </span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Otterden Place then still had many of the features, such as the bright red brick courses around the corners of the east and west faces and octagonal chimney stacks, dating from its first Tudor building in the early 1500s, although William remodelled it as a two-winged and two-storey courtyard house. He cannot have spent much time in Kent, however as, after a glittering career at Cambridge University, he became a prominent church and chancery lawyer in the later years of Queen Elizabeth’s reign, sitting in Parliament as the member for Rochester. </span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">William’s wife Anne bore him 7 daughters and 4 sons, although the eldest son Thomas seems to have predeceased him; I think one can count only 3 sons at the head of the mourning group kneeling beside the cenotaph that Epiphanius Evesham built for him in 1599, with his achievements as lawyer and statesman written on the stonework. William’s second son Justinian became his heir and Evesham built him an equally striking alabaster and black marble memorial in the church in 1620. William had wished to be buried in Otterden but was in fact interred in St Leonard’s Church in Shoreditch in East London in April 1598: plague was rampant in London in the 1590s and it may be that his body could not be moved to the country for fear of infection.</span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Otterden Place then passed through the Curteis’ and Wheler families, the farm and estate becoming part of the Wheler Foundation trust in 2004. The other Aucher estates in Bishopsbourne and Bourne Park near Canterbury provided enough income for John Aucher to endow in 1701 a home for 6 poor widows in the Cogan Hospital, thus neatly linking Otterden and Canterbury in our Vlieland story.</span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Thanks to Amicia de Moubray and </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Faversham</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Life</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> for the photograph of the </span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Lewin tomb in Otterden Church.And to Barbara !!</span></span></p><br /></span>Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-43293043211728711942021-04-07T14:41:00.001+02:002021-04-07T14:41:20.726+02:00 St Lawrence the Martyr, Otterden: William Paxton’s church<p> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-weight: 700; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">St Lawrence the Martyr, Otterden: William Paxton’s church</span></span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-73dc136f-7fff-9f0d-8347-4d944d8da24f"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">St Lawrence Church, in the ancient parkland of Otterden House on the North Downs, is now a private chapel but was as we know, from 1850 to 1882, William Paxton’s living: the parish church for the village is now St Mary’s Stalisfield, Jerome Nicholas’ church.</span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">The church is dedicated to St Lawrence (or Laurence). St Lawrence was executed in the persecution of Christians under the Emperor Valerian in 258; another Lawrence was sent by Rome to convert the Anglo-Saxons of Kent to Christianity; arriving in Thanet in 597 or 601, he was Archbishop of Canterbury from 604 to 619, the year of his death. </span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">In a countryside described by Edward Hasted* in 1798 as ‘poor and barren’ with steep flint roads ‘unsafe to travellers’, it was surprising to find a sophisticated classical Georgian church in austere red brick, built in1753–4 on the footings of the original flint thatched 13th-century foundation. The bricks were probably made in the estate for both Otterden House and the church, as transporting bricks imported from Holland and landed on Faversham Quay was impossible over the existing roads. </span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">The 1750s’ rebuild was financed by the Reverend Granville Wheler, £400 of the cost coming from the will of Lady Elizabeth Hastings, Granville’s sister-in-law. The elegance of the ‘Chinese Chippendale’ fretwork benches, painted to look as if they were of grained wood, and the monuments to previous owners of Otterden House, made William’s church a very special space. Sir William Lewin’s seven daughters are lined up in identical ruffs and bonnets under his tomb; his son Justinian lies in full armour, with his widow and daughter kneeling beside him, both moved from the old church into a recess in the north wall of the new one. </span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">These were almost certainly sculpted by Epiphanius Evesham, a pupil of the Anglo-Dutch master Richard Stephens: Evesham was noted for ‘the gift of grouping’ and also made monuments to the Roper family in Lynsted Church and the Hawkins’ in Boughton-under-Blean (home of Phoebe and George Coulson). They were both recusant (Catholic) families, who trusted Evesham, who passed as an Anglican but had Catholic sympathies, to memorialise their dead in ways that looked Anglican but had secret images within the sculpture that a Catholic would understand.</span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: arial;">*Edward Hasted wrote a topographical history of Kent in 12 volumes (1779–99), with such details as being attacked by ‘biting flies’ as he surveyed an apple orchard!</span></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Thanks are due to </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Faversham Life</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> (</span><a href="mailto:favershamlife@gmail.com" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">favershamlife@gmail.com</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">) for some of the material in this post, taken from their post of 19 April 2019,and to Barbara !</span></span></p><div><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></div></span>Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8810072231618359371.post-6952577445863501512021-03-26T22:48:00.001+01:002021-03-26T22:51:00.717+01:00 Cogan House in Canterbury<p><b> <span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="http://www.machadoink.com/Cogans%20Hospital.htm" target="_blank">Cogan House in Canterbury</a></span></b></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><a href="http://www.machadoink.com/Cogans%20Hospital.htm">Cogan Hospital (later St Aucher’s Charity)</a></b> was the foundation that gave a home</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">to the indigent widows of the clergy, including Sarah Johnston in 1877. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">But the </span><span style="font-family: arial;">house itself, the oldest non-ecclesiastical house in Canterbury, has a long tale of</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">its own to tell before the Hospital was even thought of.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Luke the Moneyer (an authorised coiner of the currency) built the on the site in</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">1200, one of the few stone houses in Canterbury to survive, and it then passed to</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">William Cokyn, who bequeathed it in his estate at his death in 1203 to be used as</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">a hospital, and a large hall was added. After serving as a residence for the mayors</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">and bailiffs of the town, it became the home of John Bygg in 1473, mercer (silk-</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">worker) and Mayor, who added a beamed medieval hall.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">It was the Tudor mansion of John Thomas in 1528 and then the Jacobean one of</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Ralph Bawden around 1600, with a jettied (overhanging) frontage, a parlour</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">downstairs and a bedchamber above. In 1626, John Cogan, who may have been a</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">descendant of William Cokyn, lived there until 1657; his estates were in</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Littlebourne, 4 miles from Canterbury, and their proceeds founded the Hospital</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">in his name that remained at 53 St Peter’s Street until 1870.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Some of the endowments, however, came from lands taken from their Royalist</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">owners during the Puritan rule in England in the 1650s: in 1660, when the</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">monarchy was restored and these lands had to be returned, the Hospital was left</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">in a poor financial position, saved only by John Aucher’s bequests 40 years later.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">John Bygg’s hall had a moulded oak ceiling, and the Tudor wood panelling John</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Thomas installed showed his pastimes of hunting and bear baiting and the</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">implements of his hosier’s (stocking-maker’s) trade, with his own face hidden in</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">the carvings; images of vines and grapes and his wife’s face still survived on the</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">staircase in John Cogan’s house. Ralph Bawden, a glove-maker who was Mayor in</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">1584 and 1603, installed fantastic lime plaster work on the ceilings of the</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">parlour and bedchamber, including a Tudor rose frieze and geometric and</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">foliage designs. A pelican in piety (feeding her young with the blood drawn from</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">her own breast which she had speared with her beak) and a griffin, a symbol of</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">divine power, were carved corbels (supporting brackets) on the front of the</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">house.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">In 1870, when the inmates of the hospital moved to Aucher Villas in London</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Road, Cogan House was sold to Thomas Wells, ‘tailer and outfitter’, who removed</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">the jettied overhang, installed a red-brick frontage and large glass windows on</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">the street and turned the parlour into his shop. He moved the pelican and griffin</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">into his new entrance hall and made stabling for his horse, which pulled a</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">delivery van around the city and countryside for many years. From the later</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">1930s, it became a private house again and is now an Italian restaurant with</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">some of the historic fabric displayed in its modern decor.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Thanks Barbara!</span></p>Jerome Nicholas Vlielandhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05130510413574873001noreply@blogger.com0